Entry Clone Source: IMAGE

Entry Clone Accession: IMAGE:3504538

SGC Construct ID: GYG1A-c003

GenBank GI number: gi|20127457

Vector: pNIC28-Bsa4. Details [PDF ]; Sequence [ FASTA ] or [ GenBank ]

Amplified construct sequence:
CATATGCACCATCATCATCATCATTC
TTCTGGTGTAGATCTGGGTACCGAGA
ACCTGTACTTCCAATCCATGACAGAT
CAGGCCTTTGTGACACTAACCACAAA
CGATGCCTACGCCAAAGGTGCCCTGG
TCCTGGGATCATCTCTGAAACAGCAC
AGGACCACCAGGAGGCTGGTCGTGCT
CGCCACCCCTCAGGTCTCAGACTCCA
TGAGAAAAGTTTTAGAGACAGTCTTT
GATGAAGTCATCATGGTAGATGTCTT
GGACAGTGGCGATTCTGCTCATCTAA
CCTTAATGAAGAGGCCAGAGTTGGGT
GTCACGCTGACAAAGCTCCACTGCTG
GTCGCTTACACAGTATTCAAAATGTG
TATTCATGGATGCAGATACTCTGGTC
CTAGCAAATATTGATGATCTTTTTGA
CAGAGAAGAATTGTCAGCAGCACCAG
ACCCAGGGTGGCCTGACTGCTTCAAT
TCCGGAGTCTTCGTTTATCAGCCTTC
AGTTGAAACATACAATCAGCTGTTGC
ATCTTGCTTCTGAGCAAGGTAGTTTT
GATGGTGGGGACCAAGGCATACTGAA
CACATTTTTTAGCAGCTGGGCAACAA
CAGATATCAGAAAACACCTGCCGTTT
ATTTATAACCTAAGCAGCATCTCTAT
ATTCTCCTACCTCCCGGCATTTAAAG
TGTTTGGTGCAAGTGCCAAAGTTGTG
CATTTCCTGGGACGAGTCAAACCATG
GAATTATACTTATGATCCCAAAACAA
AAAGTGTCAAAAGTGAGGCCCATGAT
CCCAACATGACTCATCCAGAGTTTCT
CATCCTGTGGTGGAACATCTTTACCA
CCAACGTTTTACCTCTGCTTCAATGA
CAGTAAAGGTGGATACGGATCCGAA

Expressed sequence (Tag sequence in lowercase):
Mhhhhhhssgvdlgtenlyfq^smTD
QAFVTLTTNDAYAKGALVLGSSLKQH
RTTRRLVVLATPQVSDSMRKVLETVF
DEVIMVDVLDSGDSAHLTLMKRPELG
VTLTKLHCWSLTQYSKCVFMDADTLV
LANIDDLFDREELSAAPDPGWPDCFN
SGVFVYQPSVETYNQLLHLASEQGSF
DGGDQGILNTFFSSWATTDIRKHLPF
IYNLSSISIFSYLPAFKVFGASAKVV
HFLGRVKPWNYTYDPKTKSVKSEAHD
PNMTHPEFLILWWNIFTTNVLPLLQ

^ TEV cleavage site

Tags and additions: Cleavable N-terminal His6 tag.

Host: BL21 (DE3)R3-pRARE2 (Phage resistant strain).

Growth medium, induction protocol: The construct DNA was transformed into competent cells of the expression strain by a standard heat shock procedure. One colony from transformation was used to inoculate 1ml of TB media containing 50µg/ml kanamycin and 34µg/ml chloramphenicol, which was placed in a 37°C shaker overnight. The next day glycerol stocks were prepared from this overnight culture. A glycerol stock was used to inoculate 50ml of TB media containing 50µg/ml kanamycin and 34µg/ml chloramphenicol, which was placed in a 37°C shaker overnight. The next day this starter culture was used to inoculate 3L of TB media (7.5ml starter culutre used per 1L) containing 50µg/ml kanamycin. when the OD600 reached ~0.8 the temperature was reduced to 18°C and after a further 30 minutes the cells were induced by the addition of 0.1 mM IPTG. The expression was continued overnight.
Lysis buffer: 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 10 mM Imidazole; 5% Glycerol; 0.5 mM TCEP; 1 tablet per 50ml protease inhibitor cocktail EDTA-free (roche).
Extraction buffer, extraction method: Cells were harvested by centrifugation at 6000g after which the supernatant was poured out and the cell pellet either placed in a -20°C freezer or used directly for purification. Cell pellets were dissolved in approximately 100ml lysis buffer and broken by passing through a high pressure homogenizer at 15000psi for 4 cycles. The cell debris was pelleted at 35000g and the supernatant used for further purification.

Column 1: Ni-NTA (3.5ml volume in a gravity-flow column).

Column 1 Buffer:
Binding buffer: 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 5% glycerol; 10 mM Imidazole; 0.5 mM TCEP.
Wash buffer: 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 5% glycerol; 40 mM Imidazole; 0.5 mM TCEP.
Elution buffer: 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 5% glycerol; 250 mM Imidazole; 0.5 mM TCEP.

Column 1 Procedure: The clarified cell extract was incubated with 2ml of Ni-NTA pre-equilibrated with lysis buffer for 1 hour at 4°C with rotation after which it was passed through a glass column. The column was then washed with 50ml binding buffer and 50ml wash buffer. The protein was eluted with 30ml of elution buffer in 5-10ml fractions.

Column 2: Superdex S75 16/60 Gel Filtration.

GF Buffers: 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 0.5 mM TCEP; 5% glycerol.

Column 2 Procedure: The elution buffer fractions from column 1 were pooled and concentrated to 2ml with a 10kDa mwco spin concentrator and injected onto an S75 16/60 column (pre-equilibrated in GF buffer) at 1.0ml/min. 1ml fractions were collected.

Enzymatic treatment: Protein from fractions eluted at 50-55ml from S75 gel filtration were pooled and incubated with 1:20 mol:mol TEV protease overnight at 4°C. Then protein plus TEV was passed through a column containing 0.5ml Ni-NTA pre-equilibrated with GF buffer. Column was washed with 1ml of GF buffer, flow-through and wash were pooled.

Mass spectrometry characterization: Protein gave a measured mass of 29568.1Da after TEV protease digestion. Expected mass of 29566.7Da was calculated from the sequence of this protein

Protein concentration: Protein was concentrated to 12mg/ml using Millipore 10kDa mwco concentrators.

Crystallisation: Crystals were grown by vapour diffusion in sitting drop at 20°C. A sitting drop consisting of 75nl protein and 75nl well solution was equilibrated against well solution containing 20% (v/v) PEG medium-MW smear, 100 mM PIPES pH 7.0, 100 mM MgCl2 and 100 mM KCl. Crystals were mounted in the presence of 25% (v/v) ethylene glycol and flash-cooled in liquid nitrogen.

Data collection:
Resolution: 1.98Å.
X-ray source: FRE superbright, single wavelength.

Entry Clone Source: IMAGE

Entry Clone Accession: IMAGE:3504538

SGC Construct ID: GYG1A-c003

GenBank GI number: gi|20127457

Vector: pNIC28-Bsa4. Details [PDF ]; Sequence [ FASTA ] or [ GenBank ]

Amplified construct sequence:
CATATGCACCATCATCATCATCATTC
TTCTGGTGTAGATCTGGGTACCGAGA
ACCTGTACTTCCAATCCATGACAGAT
CAGGCCTTTGTGACACTAACCACAAA
CGATGCCTACGCCAAAGGTGCCCTGG
TCCTGGGATCATCTCTGAAACAGCAC
AGGACCACCAGGAGGCTGGTCGTGCT
CGCCACCCCTCAGGTCTCAGACTCCA
TGAGAAAAGTTTTAGAGACAGTCTTT
GATGAAGTCATCATGGTAGATGTCTT
GGACAGTGGCGATTCTGCTCATCTAA
CCTTAATGAAGAGGCCAGAGTTGGGT
GTCACGCTGACAAAGCTCCACTGCTG
GTCGCTTACACAGTATTCAAAATGTG
TATTCATGGATGCAGATACTCTGGTC
CTAGCAAATATTGATGATCTTTTTGA
CAGAGAAGAATTGTCAGCAGCACCAG
ACCCAGGGTGGCCTGACTGCTTCAAT
TCCGGAGTCTTCGTTTATCAGCCTTC
AGTTGAAACATACAATCAGCTGTTGC
ATCTTGCTTCTGAGCAAGGTAGTTTT
GATGGTGGGGACCAAGGCATACTGAA
CACATTTTTTAGCAGCTGGGCAACAA
CAGATATCAGAAAACACCTGCCGTTT
ATTTATAACCTAAGCAGCATCTCTAT
ATTCTCCTACCTCCCGGCATTTAAAG
TGTTTGGTGCAAGTGCCAAAGTTGTG
CATTTCCTGGGACGAGTCAAACCATG
GAATTATACTTATGATCCCAAAACAA
AAAGTGTCAAAAGTGAGGCCCATGAT
CCCAACATGACTCATCCAGAGTTTCT
CATCCTGTGGTGGAACATCTTTACCA
CCAACGTTTTACCTCTGCTTCAATGA
CAGTAAAGGTGGATACGGATCCGAA

Expressed sequence (Tag sequence in lowercase):
mhhhhhhssgvdlgtenlyfq^smTD
QAFVTLTTNDAYAKGALVLGSSLKQH
RTTRRLVVLATPQVSDSMRKVLETVF
DEVIMVDVLDSGDSAHLTLMKRPELG
VTLTKLHCWSLTQYSKCVFMDADTLV
LANIDDLFDREELSAAPDPGWPDCFN
SGVFVYQPSVETYNQLLHLASEQGSF
DGGDQGILNTFFSSWATTDIRKHLPF
IYNLSSISIYSYLPAFKVFGASAKVV
HFLGRVKPWNYTYDPKTKSVKSEAHD
PNMTHPEFLILWWNIFTTNVLPLLQ

^ TEV cleavage site

Tags and additions: Cleavable N-terminal His6 tag.

Host: Rosetta-gami 2(DE3)pLysS (from EMD Biosciences).

Growth medium, induction protocol: One colony from the transformation was used to inoculate 1ml of TB media containing 50µg/ml kanamycin and 34µg/ml chloramphenicol, which was placed in a 37°C shaker overnight. The next day glycerol stocks were prepared from this overnight culture. A glycerol stock was used to inoculate 50ml of TB media containing 50µg/ml kanamycin and 34µg/ml chloramphenicol, which was placed in a 37°C shaker overnight. The next day this starter culture was used to inoculate 3L of TB media (7.5ml starter culture used per 1L) containing 50µg/ml kanamycin. When the OD600 reached approximately 0.8 the temperature was reduced to 18°C and after a further 30 minutes the cells were induced by the addition of 0.1 mM IPTG. The expression was continued overnight. Cells were harvested by centrifugation at 6000g after which the supernatant was poured out and the cell pellet either placed in a -20°C freezer or used directly for purification.
Lysis buffer: 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 5% Glycerol; 10 mM Imidazole; 0.5 mM TCEP; 1 tablet per 50 ml protease inhibitor cocktail EDTA-free (Roche)
Extraction buffer, extraction method: Cell pellets were dissolved in approximately 100ml lysis buffer and broken by passing through a high pressure homogenizer at 15,000psi for 4 cycles. The cell debris was pelleted at 35,000g and the supernatant used for further purification.

Column 1: Ni-NTA (3.5 ml volume in a gravity-flow column).

Column 1 Buffers:
Binding buffer: 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 5% glycerol; 10 mM Imidazole; 0.5 mM TCEP.
Wash buffer: 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 5% glycerol; 40 mM Imidazole; 0.5 mM TCEP.
Elution buffer: 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 5% glycerol; 250 mM Imidazole; 0.5 mM TCEP.

Column 1 Procedure: The clarified cell extract was incubated with 2ml of Ni-NTA pre-equilibrated with lysis buffer for 1 hour at 4°C with rotation after which it was passed through a glass column. The column was then washed with 50ml of binding buffer and 50ml of wash buffer. The protein was eluted with 30ml of elution buffer in 5-10 ml fractions.

Column 2: Superdex S75 16/60 Gel Filtration.

GF Buffers: 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 5% glycerol; 0.5 mM TCEP.

Column 2 Procedure: The elution buffer fractions from column 1 were pooled and concentrated to 2ml with a 10kDa mwco spin concentrator and injected onto an S75 16/60 column (pre-equilibrated in GF Buffer) at 1.0 ml/min. 1 ml fractions were collected.

Enzymatic treatment: Protein fractions eluted at 50-55ml from S75 gel filtration were pooled and incubated with 1:20 mol:mol TEV protease overnight at 4°C. The protein plus TEV was passed through a column containing 0.5ml Ni-NTA pre-equilibrated with GF buffer. column was washed with 1ml of GF buffer. Flow-through and wash fractions were pooled.

Mass spectrometry characterization: After TEV protease digestion:
Measured mass: 29583.8Da
Expected mass: 29582.8Da

Protein concentration: Protein was concentrated to 12mg/ml using an Millipore 10k mwco concentrator.

Crystallisation: Prior to crystallization, protein was pre-incubated with 1 mM MnCl2 and 1 mM uridine diphosphate UDP. Crystals were grown by vapour diffusion in sitting drop at 20°C. A sitting drop consisting of 75nl protein and 75nl well solution was equilibrated against well solution containing 25% (v/v) PEG3350, 0.1 M Tris pH 8.5 and 0.2 M ammonium sulphate. Crystals were mounted in the presence of 25% (v/v) ethylene glycol and flash-cooled in liquid nitrogen.

Data collection:
Resolution: 2.26Å
X-ray source: FRE superbright, single wavelength.

Entry Clone Source: IMAGE

Entry Clone Accession: IMAGE:3504538

SGC Construct ID: GYG1A-c003

GenBank GI number: gi|20127457

Vector: pNIC28-Bsa4. Details [PDF ]; Sequence [ FASTA ] or [ GenBank ]

Amplified construct sequence:
CATATGCACCATCATCATCATCATTC
TTCTGGTGTAGATCTGGGTACCGAGA
ACCTGTACTTCCAATCCATGACAGAT
CAGGCCTTTGTGACACTAACCACAAA
CGATGCCTACGCCAAAGGTGCCCTGG
TCCTGGGATCATCTCTGAAACAGCAC
AGGACCACCAGGAGGCTGGTCGTGCT
CGCCACCCCTCAGGTCTCAGACTCCA
TGAGAAAAGTTTTAGAGACAGTCTTT
GATGAAGTCATCATGGTAGATGTCTT
GGACAGTGGCGATTCTGCTCATCTAA
CCTTAATGAAGAGGCCAGAGTTGGGT
GTCATGCTGACAAAGCTCCACTGCTG
GTCGCTTACACAGTATTCAAAATGTG
TATTCATGGATGCAGATACTCTGGTC
CTAGCAAATATTGATGATCTTTTTGA
CAGAGAAGAATTGTCAGCAGCACCAG
ACCCAGGGTGGCCTGACTGCTTCAAT
TCCGGAGTCTTCGTTTATCAGCCTTC
AGTTGAAACATACAATCAGCTGTTGC
ATCTTGCTTCTGAGCAAGGTAGTTTT
GATGGTGGGGACCAAGGCATACTGAA
CACATTTTTTAGCAGCTGGGCAACAA
CAGATATCAGAAAACACCTGCCGTTT
ATTTATAACCTAAGCAGCATCTCTAT
ATTCTCCTACCTCCCGGCATTTAAAG
TGTTTGGTGCAAGTGCCAAAGTTGTG
CATTTCCTGGGACGAGTCAAACCATG
GAATTATACTTATGATCCCAAAACAA
AAAGTGTCAAAAGTGAGGCCCATGAT
CCCAACATGACTCATCCAGAGTTTCT
CATCCTGTGGTGGAACATCTTTACCA
CCAACGTTTTACCTCTGCTTCAATGA
CAGTAAAGGTGGATACGGATCCGAA

Expressed sequence (Tag sequence in lowercase):
mhhhhhhssgvdlgtenlyfq^smTD
QAFVTLTTNDAYAKGALVLGSSLKQH
RTTRRLVVLATPQVSDSMRKVLETVF
DEVIMVDVLDSGDSAHLTLMKRPELG
VMLTKLHCWSLTQYSKCVFMDADTLV
LANIDDLFDREELSAAPDPGWPDCFN
SGVFVYQPSVETYNQLLHLASEQGSF
DGGDQGILNTFFSSWATTDIRKHLPF
IYNLSSISIYSYLPAFKVFGASAKVV
HFLGRVKPWNYTYDPKTKSVKSEAHD
PNMTHPEFLILWWNIFTTNVLPLLQ

^ TEV cleavage site

Tags and additions: Cleavable N-terminal His6-tag.

Host: BL21 (DE3)R3-pRARE2 (Phage resistant strain).

Growth medium, induction protocol: The construct DNA was transformed into competent cells of the expression strain by a standard heat shock procedure. One colony from the transformation was used to inoculate 1ml of TB media containing 50µg/ml kanamycin and 34 µg/ml chloramphenicol, which was placed in a 37°C shaker overnight. The next day glycerol stocks were prepared from this overnight culture. A glycerol stock was used to inoculate 50ml of TB media containing 50µg/ml kanamycin and 34µg/ml chloramphenicol, which was placed in a 37°C shaker overnight. The next day this starter culture was used to inoculate 3L of TB media (7.5 ml starter culture used per 1L) containing 50µg/ml kanamycin. When the OD600 reached approximately 0.8 the temperature was reduced to 18°C and after a further 30 minutes the cells were induced by the addition of 0.1 mM IPTG. The expression was continued overnight. Cells were harvested by centrifugation at 6000g after which the supernatant was poured out and the cell pellet either placed in a -20°C freezer or used directly for purification.
Lysis buffer: 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 10 mM Imidazole; 5% Glycerol; 0.5 mM TCEP; 1 tablet per 50ml protease inhibitor cocktail EDTA-free (Roche).
Extraction buffer, extraction method: Cell pellets were dissolved in approximately 100ml lysis buffer and broken by passing through a high pressure homogenizer at 15,000psi for 4 cycles. The cell debris was pelleted at 35,000g and the supernatant used for further purification.

Column 1: Ni-NTA (2.5ml volume in a gravity-flow column).

Column 1 Buffer:
Binding buffer: 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 5% glycerol; 10 mM Imidazole; 0.5 mM TCEP.
Wash buffer: 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 5% glycerol; 40 mM Imidazole; 0.5 mM TCEP.
Elution buffer: 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 5% glycerol; 250 mM Imidazole; 0.5 mM TCEP.

Column 1 Procedure: The clarified cell extract was incubated with 2.5ml of Ni-NTA pre-equilibrated with lysis buffer for 1 hour at 4°C with rotation after which it was passed through a glass column. The column was then washed with 50ml Binding Buffer and 50ml Wash Buffer. The protein was eluted with 30ml of Elution Buffer in 5-10ml fractions.

Column 2: Superdex 75 16/60 Gel Filtration.

Column 2 Buffer: 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 5% glycerol; 0.5 mM TCEP.

Column 2 Procedure: The elution buffer fractions from column 1 were pooled and concentrated to 2ml with a 10kDa mwco spin concentrator and injected onto an S75 16/60 column (pre-equilibrated in GF Buffer) at 1.0ml/min. 1ml fractions were collected.

Enzymatic treatment: Protein from fractions eluted at 50-55ml from S75 gel filtration were pooled and incubated with 1:20 mol:mol TEV protease overnight at 4°C. Then protein plus TEV was passed through a column containing 0.5ml Ni-NTA pre-equilibrated with GF Buffer. Column was washed 1ml of GF Buffer. Flow-through and wash were pooled.

Protein concentration: 12mg/ml using Millipore 10k mwco concentrators.

Mass spectrometry characterization: After TEV protease digestion:
Measured mass: 29616.3Da
Expected mass: 29612.8Da

Crystallisation: Prior to crystallization, protein was pre-incubated with 1 mM MnCl2 and 1 mM uridine-5'-diphosph-N-acetylglucose (UDPG). Crystals were grown by vapour diffusion in sitting drop at 20°C. A sitting drop consisting of 50nl protein and 100nl well solution was equilibrated against well solution containing 25% (v/v) medium molecular weight PEG smear and 0.1 M citric acid/phosphate pH 5.5. Crystals were mounted in the presence of 25% (v/v) ethylene glycol and flash-cooled in liquid nitrogen.

Data collection:
Resolution: 2.20Å.
X-ray source: Diamond Light Source beamline I02.

Entry Clone Source: IMAGE

Entry Clone Accession: IMAGE:3504538

SGC Construct ID: GYG1A-c003

GenBank GI number: gi|20127457

Vector: pNIC28-Bsa4. Details [PDF ]; Sequence [ FASTA ] or [ GenBank ]

Amplified construct sequence:
CATATGCACCATCATCATCATCATTC
TTCTGGTGTAGATCTGGGTACCGAGA
ACCTGTACTTCCAATCCATGACAGAT
CAGGCCTTTGTGACACTAACCACAAA
CGATGCCTACGCCAAAGGTGCCCTGG
TCCTGGGATCATCTCTGAAACAGCAC
AGGACCACCAGGAGGCTGGTCGTGCT
CGCCACCCCTCAGGTCTCAGACTCCA
TGAGAAAAGTTTTAGAGACAGTCTTT
GATGAAGTCATCATGGTAGATGTCTT
GGACAGTGGCGATTCTGCTCATCTAA
CCTTAATGAAGAGGCCAGAGTTGGGT
GTCATGCTGACAAAGCTCCACTGCTG
GTCGCTTACACAGTATTCAAAATGTG
TATTCATGGATGCAGATACTCTGGTC
CTAGCAAATATTGATGATCTTTTTGA
CAGAGAAGAATTGTCAGCAGCACCAG
ACCCAGGGTGGCCTGACTGCTTCAAT
TCCGGAGTCTTCGTTTATCAGCCTTC
AGTTGAAACATACAATCAGCTGTTGC
ATCTTGCTTCTGAGCAAGGTAGTTTT
GATGGTGGGGACCAAGGCATACTGAA
CACATTTTTTAGCAGCTGGGCAACAA
CAGATATCAGAAAACACCTGCCGTTT
ATTTATAACCTAAGCAGCATCTCTAT
ATTCTCCTACCTCCCGGCATTTAAAG
TGTTTGGTGCAAGTGCCAAAGTTGTG
CATTTCCTGGGACGAGTCAAACCATG
GAATTATACTTATGATCCCAAAACAA
AAAGTGTCAAAAGTGAGGCCCATGAT
CCCAACATGACTCATCCAGAGTTTCT
CATCCTGTGGTGGAACATCTTTACCA
CCAACGTTTTACCTCTGCTTCAATGA
CAGTAAAGGTGGATACGGATCCGAA

Expressed sequence (Tag sequence in lowercase):
mhhhhhhssgvdlgtenlyfq^smTD
QAFVTLTTNDAYAKGALVLGSSLKQH
RTTRRLVVLATPQVSDSMRKVLETVF
DEVIMVDVLDSGDSAHLTLMKRPELG
VMLTKLHCWSLTQYSKCVFMDADTLV
LANIDDLFDREELSAAPDPGWPDCFN
SGVFVYQPSVETYNQLLHLASEQGSF
DGGDQGILNTFFSSWATTDIRKHLPF
IYNLSSISIYSYLPAFKVFGASAKVV
HFLGRVKPWNYTYDPKTKSVKSEAHD
PNMTHPEFLILWWNIFTTNVLPLLQ

^ TEV cleavage site

Tags and additions: Cleavable N-terminal His6-tag.

Host: BL21 (DE3)R3-pRARE2 (Phage resistant strain).

Growth medium, induction protocol: The construct DNA was transformed into competent cells of the expression strain by a standard heat shock procedure. One colony from the transformation was used to inoculate 1ml of TB media containing 50µg/ml kanamycin and 34 µg/ml chloramphenicol, which was placed in a 37°C shaker overnight. The next day glycerol stocks were prepared from this overnight culture. A glycerol stock was used to inoculate 50ml of TB media containing 50µg/ml kanamycin and 34µg/ml chloramphenicol, which was placed in a 37°C shaker overnight. The next day this starter culture was used to inoculate 3L of TB media (7.5 ml starter culture used per 1L) containing 50µg/ml kanamycin. When the OD600 reached approximately 0.8 the temperature was reduced to 18°C and after a further 30 minutes the cells were induced by the addition of 0.1 mM IPTG. The expression was continued overnight. Cells were harvested by centrifugation at 6000g after which the supernatant was poured out and the cell pellet either placed in a -20°C freezer or used directly for purification.
Lysis buffer: 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 10 mM Imidazole; 5% Glycerol; 0.5 mM TCEP; 1 tablet per 50ml protease inhibitor cocktail EDTA-free (Roche).
Extraction buffer, extraction method: Cell pellets were dissolved in approximately 100ml lysis buffer and broken by passing through a high pressure homogenizer at 15,000psi for 4 cycles. The cell debris was pelleted at 35,000g and the supernatant used for further purification.

Column 1: Ni-NTA (2.5ml volume in a gravity-flow column).

Column 1 Buffer:
Binding buffer: 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 5% glycerol; 10 mM Imidazole; 0.5 mM TCEP.
Wash buffer: 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 5% glycerol; 40 mM Imidazole; 0.5 mM TCEP.
Elution buffer: 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 5% glycerol; 250 mM Imidazole; 0.5 mM TCEP.

Column 1 Procedure: The clarified cell extract was incubated with 2.5ml of Ni-NTA pre-equilibrated with lysis buffer for 1 hour at 4°C with rotation after which it was passed through a glass column. The column was then washed with 50ml Binding Buffer and 50ml Wash Buffer. The protein was eluted with 30ml of Elution Buffer in 5-10ml fractions.

Column 2: Superdex 75 16/60 Gel Filtration.

Column 2 Buffer: 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.5; 500 mM NaCl; 5% glycerol; 0.5 mM TCEP.

Column 2 Procedure: The elution buffer fractions from column 1 were pooled and concentrated to 2ml with a 10kDa mwco spin concentrator and injected onto an S75 16/60 column (pre-equilibrated in GF Buffer) at 1.0ml/min. 1ml fractions were collected.

Enzymatic treatment: Protein from fractions eluted at 50-55ml from S75 gel filtration were pooled and incubated with 1:20 mol:mol TEV protease overnight at 4°C. Then protein plus TEV was passed through a column containing 0.5ml Ni-NTA pre-equilibrated with GF Buffer. Column was washed 1ml of GF Buffer. Flow-through and wash were pooled.

Protein concentration: 12mg/ml using Millipore 10k mwco concentrators.

Mass spectrometry characterization: After TEV protease digestion:
Measured mass: 29616.3Da
Expected mass: 29612.8Da

Crystallisation: Prior to crystallization, protein was pre-incubated with 1 mM MnCl2 and 1 mM uridine diphosphate UDP. Crystals were grown by vapour diffusion in sitting drop at 20°C. A sitting drop consisting of 100nl protein and 50nl well solution was equilibrated against well solution containing 28% (v/v) medium molecular weight PEG smear, 0.1 M HEPES pH 7.5 and 0.1 M magnesium sulphate. Crystals were mounted in the presence of 25% (v/v) ethylene glycol and flash-cooled in liquid nitrogen.

Data collection:
Resolution: 2.10Å.
X-ray source: FR-E SuperBright, single wavelength.