| Jul 1 2004 |
[ il2 | icmbranching | ij ] ICM contains a complete set of control statements to allow looping, jumping and conditional branching.
For-loop for <i_index> = <i_from> , <i_to> [, <i_increment> ] ... ... endfor While-loop while( <logical_expression> ) ... ... endwhile Examples:
for i = 1, 9
print "ICM-shell proudly announces that i=" i
endfor
for i = 1, 4
print "ICM-shell proudly announces that i=" i
for j = 1, 3
print "ICM-shell proudly announces that nesting is possible and j=" j
endfor
endfor
read object "crn"
for i = 1, Nof(a_/*) # Nof(a_/*) means 'the number of residues'
print Label(a_/$i)
endfor
i = -2
while (i != 4)
i = i+1
print i
endwhile
while(yes)
print "endless loop, please wait 8-)"
endwhile
Any number of nested loops may be used.
if if ( <logical_expression> ) <command> if-then-endif
if ( <logical_expression> ) then
...
...
endif
if-then-elseif-..else-endif
if( <logical_expression> ) then
...
else
...
endif
or
if ( <logical_expression> ) then ... elseif ( <logical_expression> ) then ... elseif ( <logical_expression> ) then ... else ... endifNote: end if or else if (instead of endif or elseif ) are not accepted by ICM-shell. Examples: JohnnySaid = "The gloves didn't fit" if ( JohnnySaid == "The gloves didn't fit" ) print "You must acquit" # grade = "bad" if (grade == "excellent") then print "It's great!" elseif (grade == "good") then print "It's good!" elseif (grade == "bad") then print "It's not so bad!" # do not be harsh on your kids endif
break
<for-loop> or <while-loop>
...
if ( <logical expression> ) break
...
<end of loop>
continue
<for-loop> or <while-loop>
...
if ( <logical expression> ) continue
...
<end of loop>
goto ... if ( <logical expression> ) goto <label> ... ... <label>: ... Examples:
for i = 1, 6
print "currently i=", i, "and it will be increased at the next step"
if (i == 3) then
print "... but at this point we should stop it, sorry..."
break
endif
endfor
print "end of the loop demonstrating *break*, bye"
for i = 1, 6
if (i == 3) then
print "... let us skip over step 3 and continue looping"
continue
endif
print "currently i=", i, "and it will be increased at the next step"
endfor
print "end of the loop demonstrating *continue*, bye"
for i = 1, 5
if (i == 3) then
print "... but at this point we decided to skip 3-rd step, sorry..."
goto A
endif
print "currently i=", i, "and it will be increased at the next step"
A: print " "
endfor
print "end of the loop demonstrating 'goto', bye"
Note: go to (instead of goto) is not accepted by the ICM-shell. Any combination of alphanumeric characters beginning with a letter (upper or lower case) may serve as a label. Also keep in mind that goto can jump only forward; the backward goto is not allowed.
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